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Hướng dẫn mới nhất khi chăm sóc trẻ sốt

(Dân trí) - Không cần phải dùng thuốc ngay lập tức khi đầu bé mới chỉ âm ấm vì hiện tượng sốt đơn lẻ không phải là lý do cần tới sự can thiệp, theo báo cáo mới từ Viện Nhi khoa Mỹ.

Những hướng dẫn trong điều trị sốt sử dụng các phương thuốc không kê toa đã được đăng tải trên tạp chí Nhi khoa số mới nhất:

Sốt giúp trẻ nhanh khỏi ốm

“Nên tạo cho trẻ sự thoải mái chứ không phải là làm thế nào để hạ sốt nhanh nhất”, BS Janice Sullivan, trưởng nhóm nghiên cứu, ĐH Louisville, trưởng nhóm nghiên cứu, nói.

Vì sốt là biểu hiện cơ thể đang chống lại bệnh tật, làm chậm lại sự sinh sôi của vi khuẩn, vi rút hay kích thích cơ thể tăng cường phản ứng miễn dịch.

“Đó là lợi ích của sốt và nó có thể rút ngắn thời gian ốm của trẻ”, BS Janice Sullivan nhấn mạnh.

Lưu ý các dấu hiệu đi kèm

BS Sullivan cho biết các bậc cha mẹ nên nhận thức rằng sốt chỉ là một dấu hiệu cho thấy trẻ ốm và nên lưu ý các dấu hiệu khác, chẳng hạn như tình trạng lơ mơ, đau hay mất nước để xem liệu có cần phải đi khám không.

Nên đánh thức trẻ khi trẻ cần uống thuốc hạ sốt

“Chúng tôi khuyến khích các bậc cha mẹ đánh thức trẻ để cho chúng uống thuốc hạ sốt bởi vì nếu trẻ ngủ, sẽ không thể nhận biết được dấu hiệu của sự khó chịu của chúng”, BS Sullivan cho biết.

Một nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy phần lớn các bậc cha mẹ thường không đánh thức trẻ khi đã đến giờ uống thuốc hạ sốt.

Dùng liều phù hợp với cân nặng

Khi thấy cần phải sử dụng thuốc thì tuyệt đối không cho trẻ dùng loại cho người lớn. Theo khảo sát thì các bậc cha mẹ thường cho trẻ dùng quá nhiều hoặc không dùng đủ thuốc. Báo cáo của BS Sullivan nhấn mạnh rằng liều dùng nên phù hợp với cân nặng, chứ không phải tuổi hay chiều cao. Quá liều sẽ gây hại cho gan.

“Tôi nghĩ rằng có rất nhiều người không nhận ra rằng acetaminophen nguy hiểm như thế nào”, Claire McCarthy, BS Nhi bệnh viện Nhi Boston (Mỹ), cho biết.

Một số nghiên cứu cho thấy việc sử dụng thuốc luân phiên và kết hợp sẽ hiệu quả hơn nhưng báo cáo cũng khuyến nghị rằng cha mẹ không nên tự ý pha trộn các loại thuốc vì nguy cơ quá liều là rất cao.

Cẩn thận với thuốc ho, thuốc cảm

Hướng dẫn mới cũng khuyến khích cha mẹ không nên cho trẻ uống thuốc ho hay thuốc cảm lạnh có chứa thành phần acetaminophen hay ibuprofen. Sullivan cho biết các bậc cha mẹ thường không chú ý loại những thuốc này và thường khiến cho tác dụng giảm sốt tăng gấp đôi.

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