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Phát hiện “vàng” về 3 gen liên quan với ung thư vú

(Dân trí) - Các nhà nghiên cứu vừa phát hiện 3 gene liên quan với dạng ung thư vú phổ biến nhất. Đặc biệt có 1 gen đóng vai trò điều khiển sự tăng trưởng của khối u ác tính.

Các gen này có thể mở ra những hướng mới trong chẩn đoán và điều trị ung thư vú do nội tiết, dạng ung thư vú mà các thụ thể oestrogen hoạt động quá tích cực và chiếm 4/5 trường hợp mắc ung thư vú.

Các nhà khoa học từ TT Nghiên cứu Ung thư Vú, Viện Nghiên cứu Ung thư (ICR) tại London, cho biết: “Phát hiện này sẽ giúp đỡ những bệnh nhân bị ung thư vú nhưng không đáp ứng với các thuốc điều trị như tamoxifen.

Họ đặt các gen là C6ORF96, C6ORF97 và C6ORF211.

TS Anita Dunbier, phụ trách nghiên cứu, cho biết: “Đây là một phát hiện đáng ngạc nhiên bởi chúng tôi tìm thấy những gen này ở nơi mà chúng tôi tin là đã biết rất rõ”.

Bà Dunbier và đồng nghiệp đã nghiên cứu ADN của 104 phụ nữ bị ung thư vú dương tính với thụ thể estrogen, đặc biệt là tìm kiếm các gen liên quan chặt chẽ với các thụ thể này. Kết quả cho thấy là gene C6ORF211 làm tăng trưởng khối u. Sự hiện diện của C6ORF97 cho thấy bệnh nhân sẽ đáp ứng với tamoxifen, một loại thuốc gây trở ngại cho hoạt động của estrogen. Riêng C6ORF96 thì chưa xác định được vai trò.

Giáo sư Mitch Dowsett, trưởng nhóm nghiên cứu, cho biết: “Nghiên cứu này rất thú vị bởi nó cho thấy rằng trong khi các thụ thể estrogen điều khiển sự phát triển của ung thư vú thì có những yếu tố khác lại điều khiển nó. Và việc hiểu rõ cách thức hoạt động của chúng sẽ giúp chúng ta cứu được nhiều phụ nữ bị ung thư vú”.

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