Cẩm nang sức khỏe

Uống thuốc kháng sinh có ảnh hưởng đến sự phát triển của bé?

Con gái tôi được 20 tháng tuổi, lúc sinh cân nặng 3,8kg. Từ lúc được 6 tháng đến nay cháu liên tục bị viêm đường hô hấp trên, thi thoảng viêm phế quản. Đến Bệnh viện khám được các BS cho uống kháng sinh các nhóm như cefixime, cefaclo, Ery, Zinat. Vấn đề ở chỗ…

...uống thuốc được 5~7 ngày thì khỏi, sau đó 7~10 ngày lại bị tái lại bệnh cũ. Lần lâu nhất mà cháu không phải dùng kháng sinh là 20 ngày. Mong các BS cho lời khuyên và tôi muốn biết cháu dùng kháng sinh tần suất như vậy có ảnh hưởng những gì khi cháu lớn. Rất mong nhận được hồi âm. Chân thành cảm ơn (anhai555@yahoo.com.vn)

Trả lời của Ths.BS. Bùi Nguyễn Đoan Thư - Khoa Hô Hấp, BV Nhi đồng 2:

Mến chào anh Tuấn Hải,

Chúng tôi rất thông cảm với tâm trạng lo lắng của anh nên có một số ý kiến muốn trao đổi với anh như sau :

Viêm hô hấp trên là bệnh rất thường gặp ở trẻ em, nguyên nhân thường do siêu vi gây nên. Trẻ có thể bị sốt nhẹ hoặc sốt cao, ho, sổ mũi, khàn tiếng… Nếu không có biến chứng, trẻ sẽ khỏi bệnh sau khoảng từ 5-7 ngày cho dù có dùng kháng sinh hay không. Tuy nhiên, khi bị nhiễm siêu vi, sức đề kháng tại chỗ vùng tai mũi họng thường giảm nên có thể bị bội nhiễm vi trùng.

Trong trường hợp này, điều trị kháng sinh đem lại hiệu quả tốt. Kháng sinh phải dùng đủ liều, đủ ngày, nếu không sẽ dễ gây lờn thuốc về sau. Ngoài ra kháng sinh dùng dài ngày có thể gây loạn khuẩn ruột do diệt các vi khuẩn có lợi trong đường tiêu hóa.

Vậy tại sao trẻ vừa mới khỏi bệnh xong thì vài tuần sau lại bị nữa?

Hãy thử hình dung môi trường mà con gái anh (cũng như hầu hết các trẻ nhỏ khác) đang sống xem :

- Môi trường đang ngày càng ô nhiễm hơn với khói xe cộ và bụi bặm ngoài đường, khói thuốc lá trong nhà…

- Tình trạng thời tiết thay đổi thất thường. Nắng nóng gây đổ nhiều mồ hôi dẫn đến bị nhiễm lạnh do mồ hôi bốc hơi. Đang ở trong phòng máy lạnh mát ra ngoài gặp nóng đột ngột. Trẻ nhỏ ngủ đêm đái dầm không kịp thay tã hay quần áo…

- Trẻ tiếp xúc với vô số nguồn bệnh từ các trẻ em khác khi đi nhà trẻ, mẫu giáo.

Với điều kiện sống như vậy, tình trạng viêm đường hô hấp dễ tái đi tái lại lại nhiều lần là điều dễ hiểu.

Anh nên cho con gái mình ăn uống cân bằng đầy đủ các chất dinh dưỡng để trẻ có thêm sức đề kháng chống lại bệnh tật, hoạt động vui chơi thể lực thích hợp để tăng cường sức dẻo dai cho cơ thể.

Chúc anh và con anh luôn mạnh khỏe.

Theo ND2

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Cẩm nang sức khỏe

Uống thuốc kháng sinh có ảnh hưởng đến sự phát triển của bé?

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