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Viêm đường tiết niệu “xâm nhập” cơ thể như thế nào?

(Dân trí) - Biểu hiện của viêm nhiễm đường tiết niệu rất rõ ràng: đi tiểu liên tục, đau rát, khó chịu và sẽ tiến triển nhanh đối với những người tái phát bệnh. Dù uống kháng sinh thì bạn vẫn phải trải qua thời gian rất khó chịu. Vậy chúng ta nên làm gì?

Mặc dù đàn ông cũng có thể bị viêm nhiễm đường tiết niệu nhưng tỷ lệ phụ nữ dễ mắc bệnh cao hơn nhiều do thói quen, di truyền, điều kiện sức khoẻ và những nhân tố khác.

Tuy nhiên, có những biện pháp phòng ngừa mà tất cả phụ nữ đều có thể làm để ngăn chặn bệnh viêm đường tiết niệu phát triển. Dưới đây là lời khuyên của TS Laura M Rosch, Hiệp hội y khoa Hoa Kỳ:.

Phụ nữ có nhiều nguy cơ mắc viêm đường tiết niệu là do cấu tạo cơ thể “thích hợp” cho sự xâm nhập của vi khuẩn. Đó là ống dẫn tiểu từ bàng quang ra ngoài cơ thể ngắn hơn nhiều so với bộ phận này ở nam giới.

Ngoài ra, còn có những nguyên nhân sau:

- Nhịn tiểu quá lâu: Khi bạn nhịn tiểu quá lâu hoặc bàng quang không hoàn toàn rỗng làm tăng nguy cơ viêm nhiễm lên gấp nhiều lần. Uống nhiều nước và đi tiểu thường xuyên để tránh bị viêm nhiễm.

- Không đi tiểu sau quan hệ tình dục: Giao hợp làm cho đường đi của vi khuẩn đến bàng quang ngắn hơn. Vì vậy đi tiểu là một cách để ngăn ngừa nhiễm trùng và giảm tải vi khuẩn ở khu vực nhạy cảm.

- Di truyền: gen chỉ huy hoạt động của hệ thống tiết niệu bị lỗi. Tuy nhiên, cũng có thể do lối sống của bạn như đi giày cao gót thường xuyên khiến hông và xương sống bị ảnh hưởng, khiến tiểu tiện không đều, dễ bị viêm nhiễm đường tiết niệu.

- Đang mang thai: Do thay đổi cấu trúc của xương chậu khi mang thai, phụ nữ mang thai cũng bị mất nhiều nước hơn bình thường, giảm số lần đi tiểu là một trong những nguyên nhân để các vi khuẩn gây viêm nhiễm hoành hành.

- Các nguyên nhân khác: Các rối loạn thần kinh có chức năng kiểm soát bàng quang và một số loại thuốc cũng dễ khiến bạn bị viêm nhiễm. Ngoài ra, phụ nữ bị tiểu đường, đặc biệt những người bị tiểu đường không kiểm soát được có nguy cơ mắc bệnh cao hơn bình thường.

Khi đã biết rõ nguyên nhân cũng là lúc bạn tìm ra cách ngăn ngừa bệnh quay trở lại. Tốt nhất, khi bị mắc bệnh lần đầu, hãy đến ngay bác sĩ và điều trị một cách tích cực đồng thời cần dùng kháng sinh để chống nhiễm trùng.

Nhớ rằng luôn chăm sóc bản thân một cách đúng đắn và giữ gìn vệ sinh sạch sẽ để tránh mắc những bệnh lây nhiễm không đáng có.

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Viêm đường tiết niệu “xâm nhập” cơ thể như thế nào?

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